Debian切换到netplan管理网络

先备份当前的网络配置(举例说明):

auto ens3
iface ens3 inet static
 address 139.28.235.225
 netmask 255.255.255.0
 gateway 139.28.235.1
 # dns-* options are implemented by the resolvconf package, if installed
 dns-nameservers 8.8.8.8
iface ens3 inet6 static
 address 2402:d0c0:0002:0713:0000:0000:0000:0001
 netmask 64
 gateway 2402:d0c0:0002:0000:0000:0000:0000:0001
 dns-nameservers 2606:4700:4700::1111

然后可以删除网络配置文件:

rm  /etc/network/interfaces

启用SystemdNetworkd,但是不用启动.

systemctl enable systemd-networkd
systemctl enable systemd-resolved

安装netplan.io程序:

apt install netplan.io

配置netplan配置文件,这里要新建一个,比如/etc/netplan/00-default.yaml文件,内容如下(根据实际):

这里有值得注意的,V6的配置中,由于网关和IP不在一个网段,因为不能以gateway6方式声明.

network:
  version: 2
  renderer: networkd
  ethernets:
    ens3:
     dhcp4: no
     addresses: 
      - "139.28.235.225/24"
      - "2402:d0c0:2:713::1/64"
     gateway4: 139.28.235.1
     nameservers:
       addresses: [8.8.8.8,8.8.4.4,2001:4860:4860::8888,2001:4860:4860::8844]
     routes:
       - to: "::/0"
         via: "2402:d0c0:2::1"
         on-link: true

应用netplan配置:

netplan apply

这时候重启后便可发现SystemdNetworkd已配置:

systemctl status systemd-networkd
● systemd-networkd.service - Network Service
     Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/systemd-networkd.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
     Active: active (running) since Sat 2022-01-01 23:33:46 CST; 7h ago
TriggeredBy: ● systemd-networkd.socket
       Docs: man:systemd-networkd.service(8)
   Main PID: 213 (systemd-network)
     Status: "Processing requests..."
      Tasks: 1 (limit: 529)
     Memory: 3.9M
        CPU: 27ms
     CGroup: /system.slice/systemd-networkd.service
             └─213 /lib/systemd/systemd-networkd

1月 01 23:33:46 debian systemd[1]: Starting Network Service...
1月 01 23:33:46 debian systemd-networkd[213]: Enumeration completed
1月 01 23:33:46 debian systemd[1]: Started Network Service.
1月 01 23:33:46 debian systemd-networkd[213]: ens3: Link UP
1月 01 23:33:46 debian systemd-networkd[213]: ens3: Gained carrier
1月 02 07:16:53 debian systemd-networkd[213]: ens3: Gained IPv6LL

个人感觉netplan配置起来更符合程序员使用习惯?而且netplan很强大,基本上兼顾了网络的一切,隧道和WG都能配置,具体还可以看Ubuntu写的例子:

https://netplan.io/examples/

SIT封装隧道例子:

服务器端(/64 Link Prefix + /64 Routed Prefix):

  tunnels:
    tun0:
      mode: sit
      remote: 139.28.235.225
      local: 185.243.217.76
      addresses:
        - "2a03:94e0:214b:1000::1/64"
      routes:
        - to: 2a03:94e0:214b:2000::/64
          scope: link

客户端:

  tunnels:
    tun0:
      mode: sit
      remote: 185.243.217.76
      local: 139.28.235.225
      addresses:
        - "2a03:94e0:214b:1000::2/64"
      routes:
        - to: "::/0"
          via: "2a03:94e0:214b:1000::1"

指定出口:

network:
  version: 2
  renderer: networkd
  ethernets:
    eth0:
      dhcp4: no
      addresses:
        - "185.175.90.10/25"
        - "2a10:4740:0040:0000:2222:1c04:f9c0:0001/112"
        - "2a10:4740:0041:0000:0000:0000:0000:0001/128"
      gateway4: 185.175.90.1
      nameservers:
        addresses:
          - 8.8.8.8
          - 1.1.1.1
          - "2606:4700:4700::1111"
      routes:
        - to: "::/0"
          via: "2a10:4740:0040:0000:0000:0000:0000:0001"
          on-link: true
          from: "2a10:4740:0040:0000:2222:1c04:f9c0:0001"
          metric: 1
        - to: "::/0"
          via: "2a10:4740:0040:0000:0000:0000:0000:0001"
          on-link: true
          metric: 100